The key element of DARTS is operator-based linearization (OBL)1. The state-based terms of governing equations are parametrized in the physical space of the problem forming dynamically expanding lookup tables where the supporting points for reconstruction of operators are saved in a special two-level sparse storage designed for efficient lookup and re-use. These tables are used…

Seismic activity caused by field development has become a reason for public concern in the Netherlands, Germany and United States that resulted in cut or even stop of energy production projects. The nature of such events is a stick-slip frictional instability of pre-existed fractures and faults. Field development causes the redistribution of stresses over the…

This study focuses on adjoint-based gradient optimization9 using operator-based linearization (OBL) method. The objective function is augmented by being linearly combined with reservoir state equations. This objective function shares the same extrema with the original objective function as the residual of reservoir state equation is equal to zero. In the course of calculating the gradient of…

Current Discrete Fracture Model (DFM) implementation in DARTS relies on a Two-Point Flux Approximation (TPFA) scheme where fractures are represented explicitly in the numerical model 5. However, explicit representation of the fractures contains complex fracture intersection which in turn might pose meshing difficulties. The resulting mesh, therefore, can contain abundant artefacts which negatively impact the performance…

Accurate well and near well modelling becomes essential in the reservoir simulation. Recently, advanced (smart) well operations and technologies are employed in the subsurface industry such as long deviated, horizontal and multi-lateral wells. In order to use such technologies intelligently, there must be a robust, supportable model that capture efficiently physics and the expected production…

A coupled description of flow and thermal-reactive transport is spanning a wide range of scales in space and time, which often introduces a significant complexity for the modeling of such processes. Subsurface reservoir heterogeneity with complex multi-scale features increases the modeling complexity even further. Traditional Algebraic Multiscale techniques are usually focused on the accuracy of…

Various novel computing architectures, like massively parallel and multi-core, as well as computing accelerators, like GPUs or TPUs, continue to emerge regularly. In order to harvest the performance benefits of these architectures to the full extent and speed up the simulation, the source code has to be inevitably rewritten, sometimes almost completely. The biggest challenge…